Health Sciences

Background: Tuberculosis has emerged as one of the most lethal diseases man has ever faced. India accounts for nearly one third of global burden of tuberculosis. Tubercular lymphadenitis is the most common type of extra pulmonary tuberculosis. This study was done to assess the diagnostic significance of serum adenosine deaminase levels in FNAC confirmed cases of tuberculous lymphadenitis and to determine its sensitivity and specificity; and to rule out early tuberculosis in cases reported by FNAC as reactive lymphadenitis.

In vitro assessment of human erythrocyte membrane stabilisation activity of water extracts of Clitoria ternatea (Family: Fabaceae) roots, stem bark extracts of Stereospermum Suaveolens (Family: Bignoniaceae) and Oroxylum indicum (Family: Bignoniaceae), whole plants of Bacopa monnieri (Family: Plantaginaceae) and Alysicarpus vaginalis (Family: Fabaceae). Five different water extracts (600, 300. 150, 75, and 37.5 µg/ml) of each plant material were tested for human erythrocyte membrane stabilisation activity.

The present study was carried out to assess the effect of semi-ripe fruit pulp extract of Carica papaya (seeded and seedless fruits) on male albino Wistar rats.

Background: Obesity is a chronic disease characterized by excessive body fat that causes damage to the individual's health and is associated with comorbidities such as Diabetes mellitus, Hypertension and vascular dysfunction. Common traditional treatments utilized for obesity include medications, surgicalinterference, exercises and diet programs. Few studies have investigated magnetic field treatments for obesity. Purpose: Toinvestigate the effect ofpulsed low frequency magnetic field on obese subjects.

The process of urbanization, as a necessity for societal change, is always thought as a prerequisite for increasing the levels of national production and per capita GDP. But the recurring fact remains that in developing and least developed nations, poverty in terms of income, living conditions and the ever-growing demands to house these immigrants are not being met and is still a persistent feature in this 21st century (Kundu, 2003).

Background: Extrapulmonary tuberculosis (EPTB) often possesses a diagnostic dilemma in comparison to pulmonary tuberculosis which can be easily diagnosed by simple microscopy. Paucibacillary nature of specimens giving negative smear for acid fast bacilli, lack of granulomas on histopathology and failure to culture Mycobacterium tuberculosis do not exclude the diagnosis of EPTB. To overcome these limitations novel diagnostic methods of nucleic acid amplification like Polymerase Chain Reaction have been reported with good sensitivity and rapidity for diagnosis of EPTB.

Ulnar nerve usually is a branch of the medial cord of brachial plexus. In a study conducted on 20 upper limbs, variation in its origin was observed in one right upper limb. Ulnar nerve had two roots of origin, one arising from the medial cord and another from the lateral cord. The rest of the course of the ulnar nerve was as usual. In another left upper limb a communicating branch was observed between the musculocutaneous nerve and median nerve.

Background: The quality of a clinical research can be improved, and it´s results can become of a greater value, by exploring the advantages of the randomized controlled trial. This method has become widely explored in research trials given the concept that it is the only valid method that can ensure the results when comparing treatments. In some areas of knowledge, the use of only randomized controlled trial methods can present obstacles. Such studies must be approached with other tools to avoid doubtful bias and outcomes.

As many as one in six couples will encounter problems with fertility, defined as failure to achieve a clinical pregnancy after regular intercourse for 12 months. Increasingly, couples are turning to assisted reproductive technology (ART) for help with conceiving and ultimately giving birth to a healthy live baby of their own. With this in mind, it is important that each step of the ART cycle is supported by good evidence from well-designed studies. Herein, the health economics research in this area are critically appraised.

Objective: To study the prevalence and nature of ocular morbidity amongst the industrial workers in select industries in Goa. Material and methods: Three industries were purposefully chosen for the study. The industries studied were: a chemical and fertilizer industry; a ship building industry and a rubber tyres manufacturing industry. The total worker strength at the selected three industries of 2886 was the study population for this study. The study was conducted ‘on site’ through a mobile eye care unit. Each worker was subjected to thorough ophthalmic evaluation.