Life Sciences

Some endemic diseases are associated with the dairy production these are called production diseases. One of them is mastitis. It is the most expensive disease that causes large economic effects. It is the most expensive diseases on dairy farms. Due to chronic nature of these diseases economic damage is spread out and economic damage of certain factors such as milk production decreases cannot seen directly. Mastitis caused by Staphylococcus aureus is a major concern to the dairy industry due to its resistance to antibiotic treatment.

The aim of this study is to quantify the amount of phenols, tannins and flavonoids present in different fractions of root tubers of Ipomoea mauritiana, a traditional medicinal twining shrub and GC-MS profiling of acetone extract. It was found that the higher contents of phenolics (285.05mg GAE/g extract), tannins (190.02mgGAE/g extract) and flavonoids (174.44mgRE/g extract) were determined to be present in acetone fraction. Further, the GC-MS analysis of the acetone extract revealed the presence of 27major compounds. It indicates the presence of therapeutic potential of this species.

The present investigation was carried out to determine the possible bioactive components of Piper schmidtii. The chemical compositions of the methanolic extract of aerial parts of P. schmidtii were investigated using GC-MS, while the mass spectra of the compounds found in the extract was matched with the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. Results showed that essential oil of the sample has a complex mixture of thirty compounds, many of which are found in trace amounts. Hence, the identified phytocomponents can be used as a pharmacognostical tool.

To evaluate the antioxidant and antiinflammatory effects of methanolic leaf extract of the traditional medicinal plant, Cryptolepis grandiflora. The plant leaves were subjected to solvent extraction by using methanol for obtaining crude extract. The crude extract (9.12g/ml) was tested for assaying antioxidant properties by total antioxidant (ABTS•+), DPPH•, reducing power and metal chelating activities.

Mosquitoes are the most important vectors for serious human and animal diseases causing millions of deaths every year. Among these diseases, malaria, yellow fever, dengue and dengue hemorrhagic fever, filariasis and Rift Valley fever at endemic and epidemic areas in many countries. The ethanolic extract of Cleomedroserifolia was evaluated against Culexpipiens and Ochlerotatuscaspius LC50 were 178.61 & 162.63 respectively. The pupation percent was significantly reduces as a result of extract application Culexpipiens.

Mosquitoes transmit serious human diseases, causing millions of deaths every year.Snails' species are associated with transmission parasitic disease as intermediate host. The environmental problems caused by overuse of high toxicity, non-biodegradable materials of pesticides and the residue in soil, water resources and crops that affect public health. Thus, on the one hand, one needs to search the new highly selective, biodegradable pesticides and environmental friendly pesticides.

Hydrocotyle conferta Wight is an endangered plant species in Southern Western Ghats. Methanolic whole plant extract of H. conferta study was investigated for various DPPH, ABTS, hydroxyl radical scavenging, reducing power and ferrous ion chelating assays. The results of DPPH activity showed that the extract at the dose of 50μg/ml has exhibited in 89.15±0.16 inhibition with an IC50 value of 34.21±0.52mg/ml.

The use of tanniferous plants was suggested as a possible alternative option for controlling gastrointestinal nematodes of small ruminants. This experiment evaluated the possible in vitro effects of three phenological stages (Bloom, Seeds formation, Seeds) of Tunisian fabacae (Hedysarum carnosum Desf.) against Haemonchus contortus third stage larvae. The larval exsheathment assay (LEA) was used to determine the proportions (%) of exsheathment of three plant acetonic extracts at different concentrations (1200, 600, 300, 150 μg/ml).

The objective of this study is to synthesize Schiff base ligand, (diimine) N-(1 (propionyloxy)propylidene) benzenamine L1 and N-(2-methyl-1,4-diphenyl-4-(phenylimino) butylidene) benzenamine L2 from precursors propionic anhydride and 1,4-diphenyl-2-methylbutane-1,4-dione successively, and on the other hand their corresponding copper and zinc metal complex (L1)2MCl2 (M = Zn: C1, M = Cu: C2) and (L2)2MCl2 (M = Zn: C3 M=Cu: C4). The compounds thus obtained were characterized by IR spectroscopy, 1H-NMR; 13C-NMR and mass spectrometry.

With the rapid development of poly (ethylene terephthalate) (PET) and its wide use in industry, there is a substantial fraction by volume added to the waste stream every year, which causes an environmental issue, since PET is highly resistant to atmospheric and biological agents. Currently, the handling methods of PET and other polymer wastes involve burying, burning, and recycling. But, as regards environmental protection, these methods have many shortcomings and cannot address poly (ethylene terephthalate) PET waste pollution from the source.