April 2023

Objective: To translate, culturally adapt, validate, and investigate the reliability of Arabic version of Fremantle Back Awareness Questionnaire (FreBAQ-A) for patients with non-specific chronic low back pain (CLBP). Method: Thirty experts (three panels) and 270 non-specific CLBP patients (41.72±7.765years) were recruited for psychometric evaluation. Test–retest as well as internal consistency analyses were used to assess reliability. Intraclass correlation coefficient (95% confidence interval) was used to assess test–retest analysis, whereas Cronbach alpha value was calculated to assess the internal consistency. FreBAQ-A validity was evaluated in forms of face, content, internal, and external construct validity. Demographic parameters, clinical characteristics like pain using numerical rating scale (NRS), Oswestry Disability Index (ODI), and Tampa scale of kinesiophobia (TSK) were assessed along with responses to the study questionnaire. Results: Factor analysis revealed that the Arabic version of FreBAQ has two factorial structures and The FreBAQ-A correlated well with intensity of pain (r = -0.426), duration of the LBP (r = 0.526), disability score (r = 0.381), but no significant relation with TSK score (r = 0.257). The Cronbach alpha in this study for FreBAQ-A was 0.737 Cronbach’s Alpha for which is above 0.7, indicating that the scale Can be considered internally consistent within our sample, and below 0.9 suggesting that None of the items are redundant. It has high test-retest, the ICC value of the total questionnaire score Of FreBAQ-A was 0.96, (P< 0.0001) suggesting that test-retest findings are strongly correlated. Conclusion: The Arabic version of FreBAQ has acceptable psychometric properties of reliability and validity in the evaluation of back altered perception in Arabic‑speaking people with non-specific CLBP and can be useful for use in future research and clinical trials.

La educación del siglo XXI es un proceso de aprendizaje experimental de transformaciones dentro y fuera del aula, por lo que es fundamental conocer y entender acciones pedagógicas, que, a raíz de la pandemia, fue necesario desarrollar estrategias que permitan implementar conocimientos del aula a casos prácticos. La presente investigación pretende responder al cuestionamiento ¿Cómo asegurar el aprendizaje de los alumnos de estadística inferencial, mediante un experimento práctico?. El objetivo que se persigue es Validar el efecto de aprendizaje para los alumnos de Ingeniería Industrial del Instituto Tecnológico de Puebla con la aplicación de la metodología STEM en una práctica para un diseño completamente aleatorizado (DCA) utilizando una catapulta six sigma. La metodología se dividió en los siguientes pasos: aplicando el método científico, el alumno buscó información acerca de la catapulta 6 sigma misma que construyó bajo las especificaciones requeridas, se realizó la experimentación recopilando datos, se infirió y se tomó decisiones. Con los datos obtenidos se hizo un análisis ANOVA mediante el uso del software Minitab® del DCA, estimando el intervalo con un nivel de confianza para cualquier tratamiento, realizó comparaciones múltiples y diferencia de los pares de tratamientos, encontrado condiciones mínimas y máximas. Como resultados se tiene que debido a los altos costos que representaría en la industria, la práctica real de un grupo de estudiantes no es viable, ya que un error en los cálculos; llevaría a pérdidas a una empresa que decidiera implementar un programa de tal magnitud. Por lo que el modelo propuesto permite a los alumnos llevar a situaciones semejantes a su futuro laboral y permitiendo bajo ciertos planteamientos, la práctica de lo aprendido en las aulas. En conclusión, de este estudio se encontró que los alumnos tienen un aprendizaje significativo bajo este modelo de prácticas, que, a un modelo tradicional, además de darles una experiencia cercana a un ambiente laborar acercado a su futuro contextos.

Agricultural land should be used according to its capacity for optimum production at this time when precision farming is gaining wide acceptance. The ensuing land evaluation will involve assessment of the constraints in relation to suitability classes and the available options to mitigate them to attain the potentials. The soils of five locations in Moba LGA, Ekiti State Nigeria were characterized and evaluated for suitability to produceokro, tomato, celosia, leafamaranth and jute mallow. The soils were Alfisols on nearly flat to flat land with agro-ecological features adequate for the vegetables but with soil constraints of shallow top soil, coarse texture and poor structure which rate Pedons 1,2 and 3 as marginally suitable (S3) for all the vegetables, Pedon 4 marginally suitable (S3) for okra, celosia, leaf amaranth and moderately suitable (S2) fortomato, celosia and amaranthus production. The low basic cation content and CEC are the most critical soil fertility limitations which rateall the pedons as not suitable but potentially marginally suitable. Mulching and manuring to maintain soil organic matter at high levels and improve the CEC will make the soils moderately suitable. The split application of appropriate N, P and K fertilizers and complementary manure are recommendations for attaining potential suitability rating in the site.

The purpose of the research is to analyze female delinquency and the causes of their behavior, in a multidisciplinary way from the legal, criminological, psychological and social perspectives, based on the contributions from women inmates in the Women's Rehabilitation and Preventive Center of Puente Grande, Jalisco. In the methodology, thefield study was conducted with inmates held for crimes of homicide and robbery in the Preventive and Women's Rehabilitation Center of Puente Grande, Jalisco (2008 to 2013), interviewing 25% of the total prison population (figures provided by the mentionedPreventive Center) between 18 and 35 years of age. Among the results, it was identified that female offenders have problems due to psychological and social alterations: their own crime, denial of the fact, psychological problems, aggressiveness, family and economic problems.

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