May 2022

Introduction: Nowadays, the role of the anesthesiologist during digestive endoscopic procedures has become indispensable for different reasons, among which stands out providing safety to the patient. There are different anesthetic techniques, intravenous sedation being the most common since it provides analgesia and decreases the state of consciousness, avoiding the somatic response of the patient during the procedure. Objectives: The purpose of this review is to explore the safety of deep sedation in the endoscopy room. Topics to be covered include sedation levels, the most commonly used drugs, and the determining factors of each patient, to optimize the safety of the procedure and improve results. Methodology: PubMed, Science Direct was searched using sedation, gastrointestinal endoscopy, anesthesiologist, as search terms. Results and Conclusions: Multiple drugs—with different levels of sedation—can be used, depending on the performed procedure and the individual characteristics of each patient.

Introduction: Plantar fasciitis is one of the most common causes of inferior heel pain which can be aggravated by biomechanical stress. Pain, decreased ankle mobility and weight bearing during walking can affect the individual’s functional performance. Objective: The aim of this study was to compare the long term effect of Myofascial Release Technique and Positional Release Technique on pain and functional ability in subjects with chronic plantar fasciitis. Materials and Methods: 40 subjects with chronic plantar fasciitis within an age group of 40 to 60 years were randomly assigned to two groups of 20 each. Group A was given Myofascial Release Technique and Group B was given Positional Release Technique. The intervention was given for 10 consecutive days. All the subjects were assessed using Visual Analogue Scale and Foot Function Index to measure pain and functional ability respectively prior to intervention, post-intervention at 10 days (post-test-1) and at the end of 1 month (post-test 2). Results: It was observed that subjects in both the groups were homogenous prior to the intervention. When within group comparison was done, it was seen that both the groups improved after intervention during post-test 1 and post-test 2 (p<0.001). But when both the groups were compared, it was seen that there was a statistical difference in pain (p<0.001) immediately after the intervention, but no difference was seen in the Foot Function Index (p>0.05). But at 1 month follow-up, it was seen that there was a significant difference in between the groups in both the outcomes (p<0.001). Conclusion: Myofascial release technique and Positional release technique were found to be individually effective in reducing pain and improving functional ability in subjects with chronic plantar fasciitis. But when both the groups were compared, the long term effect of Myofascial release technique was better than the Positional release technique.